Spectrum
A two-stage rocket about 28 meters tall that can carry up to roughly 1,000 kg to low Earth orbit. It failed on its first try in 2025 and reached orbit on its second flight in September 2026.
Why it matters
Europe has relied on Arianespace and on foreign rockets for most launches. Spectrum is one of the first privately built European rockets to reach orbit, which gives European satellite operators and governments a homegrown option for smaller payloads.
How the technology works
Spectrum burns liquid oxygen and liquid propane. Nine Aquila engines power the first stage and one vacuum-optimized Aquila engine powers the upper stage.
It flies from Isar's own pad at Andoya Spaceport in northern Norway, with Spaceport Nova Scotia in Canada planned for later missions.
Sources
Updated Oct 22, 2026 · How we source facts · Suggest a correction